τὸ δὲ πλάσμα Δούριδος

And the form is of Duris

Τὰ Σαμίων ὑποπτεύεις παρῆλθεν δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν γενομένων ὑπ’ Ἀθηναίων εἰς Σαμίους αἰκισμῶν ·

And the Samian suspicion came upon because of the things that happened by the Athenian discomfort against the Samians .

ἑλόντες γὰρ αὐτοὺς οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι τοὺς μὲν ἀπέκτειναν τοὺς δὲ ἔστιξαν τῇ καλουμένῃ σαμαιῇ ἥ ἐστιν εἶδος πλοίου Σαμιακοῦ ἀνθ’ ὧν καὶ οἱ Σάμιοι τοὺς ἁλόντας μετὰ ταῦτα Ἀθηναίους ἔστιξαν .

Since the Athenians killed some they took prisoner and they branded some the so called Samaina that is the shape of a Samian ship and the Samians branded as well in return for that the Athenians who fell in their hand after that .

μετὰ δὲ ταύτας τὰς πράξεις ἐπὶ Σάμον στρατεύσας ἣν Περικλῆς ἀπὸ διακοσίων νεῶν καὶ χιλίων ταλάντων κατεπολέμησε .

Nach diesen Taten zog er gegen Samos das Perikles mit zweihundert Schiffen und tausend Talenten unterwarf .

μετὰ δὲ ταύτας τὰς πράξεις ἐπὶ Σάμον στρατεύσας ἣν Περικλῆς ἀπὸ διακοσίων νεῶν καὶ χιλίων ταλάντων κατεπολέμησε

After these exploits he led an expedition against Samos which Pericles reduced with a fleet of two hundred ships and the expenditure of a thousand talents

μετὰ δὲ ταύτας τὰς πράξεις ἐπὶ Σάμον στρατεύσας ἣν Περικλῆς ἀπὸ διακοσίων νεῶν καὶ χιλίων ταλάντων κατεπολέμησε .

After these exploits he led an expedition against Samos which Pericles reduced with two hundred ships and thousand talents .

μετὰ δὲ ταύτας τὰς πράξεις ἐπὶ Σάμον στρατεύσας ,ἣν Περικλῆς ἀπὸ διακοσίων νεῶν καὶ χιλίων ταλάντων κατεπολέμησε .

And after these things he sailed to Samos ,which Pericles reduced by two hundred ships and one thousand talents .

ἀμείβετο Γέλων τοῖσιδε .

Gelon answered .

ξεῖνε Ἀθηναῖε ὑμεῖς οἴκατε τοὺς μὲν ἄρχοντας ἔχειν τοὺς δὲ ἀρξομένους οὐκ ἕξειν .

My Athenian friend it would seem that you have many who lead but none who will follow .

ἐπεὶ τοίνυν οὐδὲν ὑπιέντες ἔχειν τὸ πᾶν ἐθέλετε οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιτε τὴν ταχίστην ὀπίσω ἀπαλλασσόμενοι καὶ ἀγγέλλοντες τῇ Ἑλλάδι ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ τὸ ἔαρ αὐτῇ ἐξαραίρηται .

Since then you will waive no claim but must have the whole it is high time that you hasten home and tell your Hellas that her year has lost its spring .

οὗτος δὲ ὁ νόος τοῦ ῥήματος τὸ ἐθέλει λέγειν ·δῆλα γὰρ ὡς ἐν τῷ ἐνιαυτῷ ἐστὶ τὸ ἔαρ δοκιμώτατον τῆς δὲ τῶν Ἑλλήνων στρατιῆς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ στρατιήν ·

The significance of this statement was that Gelon's army was the most notable part of the Greek army just as the spring is the best part of the year .

στερισκομένην ὦν τὴν Ἑλλάδα τῆς ἑωυτοῦ συμμαχίης εἴκαζε ὡς εἰ τὸ ἔαρ ἐκ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ἐξαραιρημένον εἴη .

He accordingly compared Hellas deprived of alliance with him to a year bereft of its spring .

ἀμείβετο Γέλων τοῖσιδε .ξεῖωε Ἀθηναῖε ,ὑμεῖς οἴκατε τοὺς μὲν ἄρχοντας ἔχειν ,τοὺς δὲ ἀεξαμένους οὐκ ἕξειν .ἐπεὶ τοίνυν οὐδὲν ὑπιέντες ἔχειν τὸ πᾶν ἐθέλετε ,οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιτε τὴν ταχίστην ὀπίσω ἀπαλλασσόμενοι καὶ ἀγγέλλοντες τῇ Ἑλλάδι ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ τὸ ἔαρ αὐτῇ ἐξαραίρηται .οὗτος δὲ ὁ νόος τοῦ ῥήματος τὸ ἐθέλει λέγειν ·δῆλα γὰρ ὡς ἐν τῷ ἐνιαυτῷ ἐστὶ τὸ ἔαρ δοκιμώτατον ,τῆς δὲ τῶν Ἑλλήνων στρατιῆς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ στρατιήν ·στερισκομένην ὦν τὴν Ἑλλάδα τῆς ἑωυτοῦ συμμαχίης εἴκαζε ὡς εἰ τὸ ἔαρ ἐκ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ἐξαραιρημένον εἴη .

Gelon answered that : Athenian guest-friend ,you seem to possess the reign indeed but you do not possess the reign to come .Therefore ,since you are willing to have everything ,since you give up nothing ,you may not come back the quickest way when you depart and report to Hellas ,that she lost the spring of the year .And this sense of the saying is willing to say that : Since it is evident ,as the spring is the most excellent part in the year ,his army is the most excellent in the Greek force .Then he presented an image ,since he deprived his Greek alliance as if the spring was taken away from the year .

ἐπʼ ἄρχοντος δʼ Ἀθήνησι Τιμοκλέους Σάμιοι μὲν πρὸς Μιλησίους περὶ Πριήνης ἀμφισβητήσαντες εἰς πόλεμον κατέστησαν ,ὁρῶντες δὲ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους ταῖς εὐνοίαις διαφέροντας πρὸς Μιλησίους ,ἀπέστησαν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν .οἱ δὲ Περικλέα προχειρισάμενοι στρατηγὸν ἐξέπεμψαν ἐπὶ τοὺς Σαμίους ἔχοντα τριήρεις τετταράκοντα .οὗτος δὲ πλεύσας ἐπὶ τὴν Σάμον παρεισελθὼν δὲ καὶ τῆς πόλεως ἐγκρατὴς γενόμενος κατέστησε δημοκρατίαν ἐν αὐτῇ .πραξάμενος δὲ παρὰ τῶν Σαμίων ὀγδοήκοντα τάλαντα ,καὶ τοὺς ἴσους ὁμήρους παῖδας λαβών ,τούτους μὲν παρέδωκε τοῖς Λημνίοις ,αὐτὸς δʼ ἐν ὀλίγαις ἡμέραις ἅπαντα συντετελεκὼς ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς τὰς Ἀθήνας .ἐν δὲ τῇ Σάμῳ στάσεως γενομένης ,καὶ τῶν μὲν αἱρουμένων τὴν δημοκρατίαν ,τῶν δὲ βουλομένων τὴν ἀριστοκρατίαν εἶναι ,ταραχὴ πολλὴ τὴν πόλιν ἐπεῖχε .τῶν δʼ ἐναντιουμένων τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ διαβάντων εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν καὶ πορευθέντων εἰς Σάρδεις πρὸς Πισσούθνην τὸν τῶν Περσῶν σατράπην περὶ βοηθείας ,ὁ μὲν Πισσούθνης ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς στρατιώτας ἑπτακοσίους ,ἐλπίζων τῆς Σάμου διὰ τούτου κυριεύσειν ,οἱ δὲ Σάμιοι μετὰ τῶν δοθέντων αὐτοῖς στρατιωτῶν νυκτὸς πλεύσαντες εἰς τὴν Σάμον ἔλαθόν τε τὴν πόλιν παρεισελθόντες ,τῶν πολιτῶν συνεργούντων ,ῥᾳδίως τʼ ἐκράτησαν τῆς Σάμου ,καὶ τοὺς ἀντιπράττοντας αὐτοῖς ἐξέβαλον ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ·τοὺς δʼ ὁμήρους ἐκκλέψαντες ἐκ τῆς Λήμνου καὶ τὰ κατὰ τὴν Σάμον ἀσφαλισάμενοι ,φανερῶς ἑαυτοὺς ἀπέδειξαν πολεμίους τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις .οἱ δὲ πάλιν Περικλέα προχειρισάμενοι στρατηγὸν ἐξέπεμψαν ἐπὶ τοὺς Σαμίους μετὰ νεῶν ἑξήκοντα .μετὰ δὲ ταῦθʼ ὁ μὲν Περικλῆς ναυμαχήσας πρὸς ἑβδομήκοντα τριήρεις ἐνίκησε τοὺς Σαμίους ,μεταπεμψάμενος δὲ παρὰ Χίων καὶ Μυτιληναίων ναῦς εἴκοσι πέντε μετὰ τούτων ἐπολιόρκησε τὴν Σάμον .μετὰ δέ τινας ἡμέρας Περικλῆς μὲν καταλιπὼν μέρος τῆς δυνάμεως ἐπὶ τῆς πολιορκίας ἀνέζευξεν ,ἀπαντήσων ταῖς Φοινίσσαις ναυσίν ,ἃς οἱ Πέρσαι τοῖς Σαμίοις ἦσαν ἀπεσταλκότες .οἱ δὲ Σάμιοι διὰ τὴν ἀνάζευξιν τοῦ Περικλέους νομίζοντες ἔχειν καιρὸν ἐπιτήδειον εἰς ἐπίθεσιν ταῖς ἀπολελειμμέναις ναυσίν ,ἐπέπλευσαν ἐπʼ αὐτάς ,καὶ νικήσαντες τῇ ναυμαχίᾳ φρονήματος ἐπληροῦντο .ὁ δὲ Περικλῆς ἀκούσας τὴν τῶν ἰδίων ἧτταν ,εὐθὺς ὑπέστρεψε καὶ στόλον ἀξιόλογον ἤθροισε ,βουλόμενος εἰς τέλος συντρῖψαι τὸν τῶν ἐναντίων στόλον .ταχὺ δʼ ἀποστειλάντων Ἀθηναίων μὲν ἑξήκοντα τριήρεις ,Χίων δὲ καὶ Μυτιληναίων τριάκοντα ,μεγάλην ἔχων δύναμιν συνεστήσατο τὴν πολιορκίαν καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν ,συνεχεῖς ποιούμενος προσβολάς .κατεσκεύασε δὲ καὶ μηχανὰς πρῶτος τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ τούς τε ὀνομαζομένους κριοὺς καὶ χελώνας ,Ἀρτέμωνος τοῦ Κλαζομενίου κατασκευάσαντος .ἐνεργῶς δὲ πολιορκήσας τὴν πόλιν καὶ ταῖς μηχαναῖς καταβαλὼν τὰ τείχη κύριος ἐγένετο τῆς Σάμου .κολάσας δὲ τοὺς αἰτίους ἐπράξατο τοὺς Σαμίους τὰς εἰς τὴν πολιορκίαν γεγενημένας δαπάνας ,τιμησάμενος αὐτὰς ταλάντων διακοσίων .παρείλετο δὲ καὶ τὰς ναῦς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ τείχη κατέσκαψε ,καὶ τὴν δημοκρατίαν καταστήσας ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς τὴν πατρίδα .Ἀθηναίοις δὲ καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις μέχρι τούτων τῶν χρόνων αἱ τριακονταετεῖς σπονδαὶ διέμειναν ἀσάλευτοι .καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἐπράχθη κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν ἐνιαυτόν .

But during the reign of Themistocles in Athens the Samians went to war since they had a dispute with the Milesians about Priene and when they saw ,that the Athenians differed the goodwill towards the Milesians they revolted against them .And ,after promoting Pericles to general ,they sent him out against the Samians ,having fourty triremes .And ,after he sailed to Samos and reached it and after becoming empowered of the city ,he established democracy in it .And ,after he was passed over eighty talents by the Samians and after he had taken as many children as hostages ,he both gave them the Lemnians and returned to Athens ,since he had finished everything in a few days .But many trouble occured in the city ,as sedition happened in Samos ,because there was one fraction ,that seized the democracy and one fraction ,that wished ,an aristocracy to be .And Pissuthnes gave them seven hundred soldiers ,since he hoped to rule over Samos through them ,after the enemies of the democracy went to Asia and came to Sardis to Pissuthnes ,the Persian satrap for help and the Samians ,after having sailed with the soldiers given to them to Samos at night ,went into the city unnoticed and became masters of Samos easily since they worked together with the citizens and they throw those who opposed them out of the town .And they appointed themselves visible hostile to the Athenians ,after they had stolen and carried off the hostages of Lemnos and secured everything around Samos .And they ,after having promoted Pericles to general again ,sent him off against the Samians with sixty ships .And with them Pericles both vanquished the Samians by fighting a sea battle against seventy triremes and besieged with them Samos ,since twentyfive ships were sent after by Chios and Mytilene .And Pericles indeed broke up after some days ,leaving a part of the army for the siege ,to meet the Phoinecian ships ,which the Persians had sent to the Samians .And the Samians sailed ,as they believed that they had the necessary advantage to attack the ships ,that were left behind ,because of the marching forth of Pericles and were conquered with high spirit ,since they won the seafight .But Pericles returned straight ,when he heard of the defeat of his fighters and gathered a remarkable army ,since he wished as result that he crushed the army of the opponents .And he organised the siege by land and by sea ,after he sent off quickly sixty triremes of the Athenians and thirty of Chios and Mytilene and after he had a big force and since he made a cojoined attack .And he built engines as the first person before him which were called ram and turtoise ,Artemon of Clazomenae had built them .And he became master of Samos since he was busy besieging the city and since he threw down the walls with the engines .And he negotiated the Samians the costs ,that occured during the siege ,after he had punished the responsible persons and condemned them to two hundred talents .And he also removed their ships and destroyed the walls and sailed to his fathers land after establishing democracy .And to the Athenians and to the Lacedaimonians the thirty years old truce remains unshaken as far as that time .And this has been achieved indeed during this year .

οἱ δὲ Σάμιοι διὰ τὴν ἀνάζευξιν τοῦ Περικλέους νομίζοντες ἔχειν καιρὸν ἐπιτήδειον εἰς ἐπίθεσιν ταῖς ἀπολελειμμέναις ναυσίν ἐπέπλευσαν ἐπʼ αὐτάς καὶ νικήσαντες τῇ ναυμαχίᾳ φρονήματος ἐπληροῦντο .

The Samians believing that because of the departure of Pericles they had a suitable opportunity to attack the ships that had been left behind sailed against them and having won the battle they were puffed up with pride .

ὁ δὲ Περικλῆς ἀκούσας τὴν τῶν ἰδίων ἧτταν εὐθὺς ὑπέστρεψε καὶ στόλον ἀξιόλογον ἤθροισε βουλόμενος εἰς τέλος συντρῖψαι τὸν τῶν ἐναντίων στόλον .

But when Pericles received word of the defeat of his forces he at once turned back and gathered an imposing fleet since he desired to destroy once and for all the fleet of the enemy .

ταχὺ δʼ ἀποστειλάντων Ἀθηναίων μὲν ἑξήκοντα τριήρεις Χίων δὲ καὶ Μυτιληναίων τριάκοντα μεγάλην ἔχων δύναμιν συνεστήσατο τὴν πολιορκίαν καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν συνεχεῖς ποιούμενος προσβολάς .

The Athenians rapidly dispatched sixty triremes and the Chians and Mytilenaeans thirty and with this great armament Pericles renewed the siege both by land and by sea making continuous assaults .

κατεσκεύασε δὲ καὶ μηχανὰς πρῶτος τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ τούς τε ὀνομαζομένους κριοὺς καὶ χελώνας Ἀρτέμωνος τοῦ Κλαζομενίου κατασκευάσαντος .

He built also siege machines being the first of all men to do so such as those called rams and tortoises Artemon of Clazomenae having built them .

ἐνεργῶς δὲ πολιορκήσας τὴν πόλιν καὶ ταῖς μηχαναῖς καταβαλὼν τὰ τείχη κύριος ἐγένετο τῆς Σάμου .

And by pushing the siege with energy and throwing down the walls by means of the siege machines he gained the mastery of Samos .

κολάσας δὲ τοὺς αἰτίους ἐπράξατο τοὺς Σαμίους τὰς εἰς τὴν πολιορκίαν γεγενημένας δαπάνας τιμησάμενος αὐτὰς ταλάντων διακοσίων .

After punishing the ringleaders of the revolt he exacted of the Samians the expenses incurred in the siege of the city fixing the penalty at two hundred talents .

παρείλετο δὲ καὶ τὰς ναῦς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ τείχη κατέσκαψε καὶ τὴν δημοκρατίαν καταστήσας ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς τὴν πατρίδα .

He also took from them their ships and razed their walls then he restored the democracy and returned to his country .

Ἀθηναίοις δὲ καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις μέχρι τούτων τῶν χρόνων αἱ τριακονταετεῖς σπονδαὶ διέμειναν ἀσάλευτοι .

As for the Athenians and as for the Lacedaemonians the thirty - year truce between them remained unshaken to this time .

καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἐπράχθη κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν ἐνιαυτόν .

These then were the events of this year .

μετὰ δέ τινας ἡμέρας Περικλῆς μὲν καταλιπὼν μέρος τῆς δυνάμεως ἐπὶ τῆς πολιορκίας ἀνέζευξεν ἀπαντήσων ταῖς Φοινίσσαις ναυσίν ἃς οἱ Πέρσαι τοῖς Σαμίοις ἦσαν ἀπεσταλκότες .

But a few days later Pericles left a part of his force to continue the siege and set out to sea to meet the Phoenician ships which the Persians had dispatched to the aid of the Samians .

ἐπʼ ἄρχοντος δʼ Ἀθήνησι Τιμοκλέους Σάμιοι μὲν πρὸς Μιλησίους περὶ Πριήνης ἀμφισβητήσαντες εἰς πόλεμον κατέστησαν ὁρῶντες δὲ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους ταῖς εὐνοίαις διαφέροντας πρὸς Μιλησίους ἀπέστησαν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν .

When Timocles was archon in Athens the Samians went to war with the Milesians because of a quarrel over Priene and when they saw that the Athenians were favouring the Milesians they revolted from the Athenians .

οἱ δὲ Περικλέα προχειρισάμενοι στρατηγὸν ἐξέπεμψαν ἐπὶ τοὺς Σαμίους ἔχοντα τριήρεις τετταράκοντα .

They thereupon chose Pericles as general and dispatched him with forty ships against the Samians .

οὗτος δὲ πλεύσας ἐπὶ τὴν Σάμον παρεισελθὼν δὲ καὶ τῆς πόλεως ἐγκρατὴς γενόμενος κατέστησε δημοκρατίαν ἐν αὐτῇ .

And sailing forth against Samos Pericles got into the city and mastered it and then established a democracy in it .

πραξάμενος δὲ παρὰ τῶν Σαμίων ὀγδοήκοντα τάλαντα καὶ τοὺς ἴσους ὁμήρους παῖδας λαβών τούτους μὲν παρέδωκε τοῖς Λημνίοις αὐτὸς δʼ ἐν ὀλίγαις ἡμέραις ἅπαντα συντετελεκὼς ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς τὰς Ἀθήνας .

He exacted of the Samians eighty talents and took an equal number of their young men as hostages whom he put in the keeping of the Lemnians then after having finished everything in a few days he returned to Athens .

ἐν δὲ τῇ Σάμῳ στάσεως γενομένης καὶ τῶν μὲν αἱρουμένων τὴν δημοκρατίαν τῶν δὲ βουλομένων τὴν ἀριστοκρατίαν εἶναι ταραχὴ πολλὴ τὴν πόλιν ἐπεῖχε .

But civil discord arose in Samos one party preferring the democracy and the other wanting an aristocracy and the city was in utter tumult .

τῶν δʼ ἐναντιουμένων τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ διαβάντων εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν καὶ πορευθέντων εἰς Σάρδεις πρὸς Πισσούθνην τὸν τῶν Περσῶν σατράπην περὶ βοηθείας ὁ μὲν Πισσούθνης ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς στρατιώτας ἑπτακοσίους ἐλπίζων τῆς Σάμου διὰ τούτου κυριεύσειν οἱ δὲ Σάμιοι μετὰ τῶν δοθέντων αὐτοῖς στρατιωτῶν νυκτὸς πλεύσαντες εἰς τὴν Σάμον ἔλαθόν τε τὴν πόλιν παρεισελθόντες τῶν πολιτῶν συνεργούντων ῥᾳδίως τʼ ἐκράτησαν τῆς Σάμου καὶ τοὺς ἀντιπράττοντας αὐτοῖς ἐξέβαλον ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ·

The opponents of the democracy crossed over to Asia and went on to Sardis to get aid from Pissuthnes the Persian satrap Pissuthnes gave them seven hundred soldiers hoping that in this way he would get the mastery of the island and the Samians sailing to Samos by night with the soldiers which had been given them slipped unnoticed into the city with the aid of the citizens seized the island without difficulty and expelled from the city those who opposed them .