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τὸν δὲ Μυρωνίδην ἀποκρινόμενον ·
to which Myronides replies :

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καὶ πάλαι γ᾽ ἂν ἦν ἀνήρ εἰ μὴ τὸ τῆς πόρνης ὑπωρρώδει κακόν .
Yea and long had been a man had he not feared the mischief of his harlotbirth .

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οὕτω δὲ τὴν Ἀσπασίαν ὀνομαστὴν καὶ κλεινὴν γενέσθαι λέγουσιν ὥστε καὶ Κῦρον τὸν πολεμήσαντα βασιλεῖ περὶ τῆς τῶν Περσῶν ἡγεμονίας τὴν ἀγαπωμένην ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ μάλιστα τῶν παλλακίδων Ἀσπασίαν ὀνομάσαι καλουμένην Μιλτὼ πρότερον .
So renowned and celebrated did Aspasia become they say that even Cyrus the one who went to war with the Great King for the sovereignty of the Persians gave the name of Aspasia to that one of his concubines whom he loved best who before was called Milto .

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ἦν δὲ Φωκαῒ τὸ γένος Ἑρμοτίμου θυγάτηρ ·
She was a Phocaean by birth daughter of one Hermotimus ,

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ἐν δὲ τῇ μάχῃ Κύρου πεσόντος ἀπαχθεῖσα πρὸς βασιλέα πλεῖστον ἴσχυσε .
and after Cyrus had fallen in battle was carried captive to the King and acquired the greatest influence with him .

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ταῦτα μὲν ἐπελθόντα τῇ μνήμῃ κατὰ τὴν γραφὴν ἀπώσασθαι καὶ παρελθεῖν ἴσως ἀπάνθρωπον ἦν .
These things coming to my recollection as I write it were perhaps unnatural to reject and pass them by .

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τὸν δὲ πρὸς Σαμίους πόλεμον αἰτιῶνται μάλιστα τὸν Περικλέα ψηφίσασθαι διὰ Μιλησίους Ἀσπασίας δεηθείσης .
But to return to the war against the Samians they accuse Pericles of getting the decree for this passed at the request of Aspasia and in the special behalf of the Milesians .

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αἱ γὰρ πόλεις ἐπολέμουν τὸν περὶ Πριήνης πόλεμον καὶ κρατοῦντες οἱ Σάμιοι παύσασθαι τῶν Ἀθηναίων κελευόντων καὶ δίκας λαβεῖν καὶ δοῦναι παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς οὐκ ἐπείθοντο .
For the two cities were waging their war for the possession of Priene and the Samians were getting the better of it and when the Athenians ordered them to stop the contest and submit the case to arbitration at Athens they would not obey .

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πλεύσας οὖν ὁ Περικλῆς τὴν μὲν οὖσαν ὀλιγαρχίαν ἐν Σάμῳ κατέλυσεν τῶν δὲ πρώτων λαβὼν ὁμήρους πεντήκοντα καὶ παῖδας ἴσους εἰς Λῆμνον ἀπέστειλε .
So Pericles set sail and broke up the oligarchy which existed on Samos and then took fifty of the foremost men with as many children as hostages and sent them off to Lemnos .

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καίτοι φασὶν ἕκαστον μὲν αὐτῷ τῶν ὁμήρων διδόναι τάλαντον ὑπὲρ ἑαυτοῦ πολλὰ δ᾽ ἄλλα τοὺς μὴ θέλοντας ἐν τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι δημοκρατίαν .
And yet they say that every one of these hostages offered him a talent on his own account and the people who did not want democracy established in the city many talents besides .

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ἔτι δὲ Πισσούθνης ὁ Πέρσης ἔχων τινὰ πρὸς Σαμίους εὔνοιαν ἀπέστειλεν αὐτῷ μυρίους χρυσοῦς παραιτούμενος τὴν πόλιν .
And still further Pissouthnes the Persian who had much goodwill towards the Samians sent him ten thousand gold staters and interceded for the city .

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οὐ μὴν ἔλαβε τούτων οὐδὲν ὁ Περικλῆς ἀλλὰ χρησάμενος ὥσπερ ἐγνώκει τοῖς Σαμίοις καὶ καταστήσας δημοκρατίαν ἀπέπλευσεν εἰς τὰς Ἀθήνας .
However Pericles took none of these bribes but treated the Samians just as he had determined set up a democracy and sailed back to Athens .

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οἱ δ᾽ εὐθὺς ἀπέστησαν ἐκκλέψαντος αὐτοῖς τοὺς ὁμήρους Πισσούθνου καὶ τἆλλα παρασκευάσαντος πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον .
Then the Samians at once revolted after Pissouthnes had stolen away their hostages for them and in other ways equipped them for the war .

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αὖθις οὖν ὁ Περικλῆς ἐξέπλευσεν ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς οὐχ ἡσυχάζοντας οὐδὲ κατεπτηχότας ἀλλὰ καὶ πάνυ προθύμως ἐγνωκότας ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τῆς θαλάττης .
Once more therefore Pericles set sail against them they were not victims of sloth nor yet of abject terror but full of exceeding zeal in their determination to contest the sea .

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γενομένης δὲ καρτερᾶς ναυμαχίας περὶ νῆσον ἣν Τραγίας καλοῦσι λαμπρῶς ὁ Περικλῆς ἐνίκα τέσσαρσι καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ναυσὶν ἑβδομήκοντα καταναυμαχήσας ὧν εἴκοσι στρατιώτιδες ἦσαν .
A fierce seafight came off near an island which is called Tragia Pericles won a brilliant victory with four and forty ships outfighting seventy twenty of which were infantrytransports .

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ἅμα δὲ τῇ νίκῃ καὶ τῇ διώξει τοῦ λιμένος κρατήσας ἐπολιόρκει τοὺς Σαμίους ἁμῶς γέ πως ἔτι τολμῶντας ἐπεξιέναι καὶ διαμάχεσθαι πρὸ τοῦ τείχους .
Close on the heels of his victory and of his pursuit came his seizure of the harbour and then he laid siege to the Samians who somehow or other still had the daring to sally forth and fight with him before their walls .

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ἐπεὶ δὲ μείζων ἕτερος στόλος ἦλθεν ἐκ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν καὶ παντελῶς κατεκλείσθησαν οἱ Σάμιοι λαβὼν ὁ Περικλῆς ἑξήκοντα τριήρεις ἔπλευσεν εἰς τὸν ἔξω πόντον ὡς μὲν οἱ πλεῖστοι λέγουσι Φοινισσῶν νεῶν ἐπικούρων τοῖς Σαμίοις προσφερομένων ἀπαντῆσαι καὶ διαγωνίσασθαι πορρωτάτω βουλόμενος ὡς δὲ Στησίμβροτος ἐπὶ Κύπρον στελλόμενος ·
But soon a second larger armament came from Athens and the Samians were completely shut in then Pericles took sixty triremes sailed out into the main sea as most authorities say because he wished to meet a fleet of Phoenician ships which was coming to the aid of the Samians and fight it at as great a distance as possible but according to Stesimbrotus for Cyprus :

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ὅπερ οὐ δοκεῖ πιθανὸν εἶναι .
That doesn't seem to be plausible .

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ὁποτέρῳ δ᾽ οὖν ἐχρήσατο τῶν λογισμῶν ἁμαρτεῖν ἔδοξε .
But whichever design he cherished he seems to have made a mistake .

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πλεύσαντος γὰρ αὐτοῦ Μέλισσος ὁ Ἰθαγένους ἀνὴρ φιλόσοφος στρατηγῶν τότε τῆς Σάμου καταφρονήσας τῆς ὀλιγότητος τῶν νεῶν ἢ τῆς ἀπειρίας τῶν στρατηγῶν ἔπεισε τοὺς πολίτας ἐπιθέσθαι τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις .
For no sooner had he sailed off than Melissus the son of Ithagenes a philosopher who was then acting as general at Samos despising the fewness of ships or the inexperience of the generals persuaded his citizens to make an attack upon the Athenians .

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καὶ γενομένης μάχης νικήσαντες οἱ Σάμιοι καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν αὐτῶν ἄνδρας ἑλόντες πολλὰς δὲ ναῦς διαφθείραντες ἐχρῶντο τῇ θαλάσσῃ καὶ παρετίθεντο τῶν ἀναγκαίων πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον ὅσα μὴ πρότερον εἶχον .
In the battle that ensued the Samians were victorious taking many of their enemy captive and destroying many of their ships so that they commanded the sea and laid in large store of such necessaries for the war as they did not have before .

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ὑπὸ δὲ τοῦ Μελίσσου καὶ Περικλέα φησὶν αὐτὸν Ἀριστοτέλης ἡττηθῆναι ναυμαχοῦντα πρότερον .
And Aristotle says that Pericles was himself also defeated by Melissus in the seafight which preceded this .

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οἱ δὲ Σάμιοι τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἀνθυβρίζοντες ἔστιζον εἰς τὸ μέτωπον γλαῦκας ·
The Samians retaliated upon the Athenians by branding their prisoners in the forehead with owls ;

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καὶ γὰρ ἐκείνους οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι σάμαιναν .
For the Athenians had once branded some of them with the samaena .

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ἡ δὲ σάμαινα ναῦς ἐστιν ὑόπρωρος μὲν τὸ σίμωμα κοιλοτέρα δὲ καὶ γαστροειδής ὥστε καὶ φορτοφορεῖν καὶ ταχυναυτεῖν .
Now the samaena is a ship of war with a boars head design for prow and ram but more capacious than usual and paunchlike so that it is a good deepsea traveller and a swift sailor too .

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οὕτω δ᾽ ὠνομάσθη διὰ τὸ πρῶτον ἐν Σάμῳ φανῆναι Πολυκράτους τυράννου κατασκευάσαντος .
It got this name because it made its first appearance in Samos where Polycrates the tyrant had some built .

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πρὸς ταῦτα τὰ στίγματα λέγουσι καὶ τὸ Ἀριστοφάνειον ᾐνίχθαι ·
To these brandmarks they say the verse of Aristophanes made riddling reference :

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Σαμίων ὁ δῆμός ἐστιν ὡς πολυγράμματος .
For oh ! how lettered is the folk of the Samians !

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πυθόμενος δ᾽ οὖν ὁ Περικλῆς τὴν ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου συμφορὰν ἐβοήθει κατὰ τάχος .
Be that true or not when Pericles learned of the disaster which had befallen his fleet he came speedily to its aid .

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καὶ τοῦ Μελίσσου πρὸς αὐτὸν ἀντιταξαμένου κρατήσας καὶ τρεψάμενος τοὺς πολεμίους εὐθὺς περιετείχιζε δαπάνῃ καὶ χρόνῳ μᾶλλον ἢ τραύμασι καὶ κινδύνοις τῶν πολιτῶν περιγενέσθαι καὶ συνελεῖν τὴν πόλιν βουλόμενος .
And though Melissus arrayed his forces against him he conquered and routed the enemy and at once walled their city in preferring to get the upper hand and capture it at the price of money and time rather than of the wounds and deadly perils of his fellowcitizens .

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