Λυσικλεῖ δὲ τῷ δημαγωγῷ συνοικήσασα Πορίστην ἔσχεν ὡς ὁ Σωκρατικὸς Αἰσχίνης φησίν .

And when she dwelled with Lysicles the demagogue she carried Poristes as the Socratic Aischines says .

ἀναχωρήσαντες δὲ ἀπ᾽ Εὐβοίας οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον σπονδὰς ἐποιήσαντο πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους τριακοντούτεις ἀποδόντες Νίσαιαν καὶ Πηγὰς καὶ Τροιζῆνα καὶ Ἀχαΐαν ·ταῦτα γὰρ εἶχον Ἀθηναῖοι Πελοποννησίων .

Not long after their return from Euboea they made a truce with the Lacedaemonians and their allies for thirty years giving up the posts which they occupied in Peloponnese Nisaea Pegae Troezen and Achaia .

ἕκτῳ δὲ ἔτει Σαμίοις καὶ Μιλησίοις πόλεμος ἐγένετο περὶ Πριήνης καὶ οἱ Μιλήσιοι ἐλασσούμενοι τῷ πολέμῳ παρ᾽ Ἀθηναίους ἐλθόντες κατεβόων τῶν Σαμίων .

In the sixth year of the truce war broke out between the Samians and Milesians about Priene .Worsted in the war the Milesians came to Athens with loud complaints against the Samians .

ξυνεπελάβοντο δὲ καὶ ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς Σάμου ἄνδρες ἰδιῶται νεωτερίσαι βουλόμενοι τὴν πολιτείαν .

In this they were joined by certain private persons from Samos itself who wished to revolutionize the government .

πλεύσαντες οὖν Ἀθηναῖοι ἐς Σάμον ναυσὶ τεσσαράκοντα δημοκρατίαν κατέστησαν καὶ ὁμήρους ἔλαβον τῶν Σαμίων πεντήκοντα μὲν παῖδας ἴσους δὲ ἄνδρας καὶ κατέθεντο ἐς Λῆμνον καὶ φρουρὰν ἐγκαταλιπόντες ἀνεχώρησαν .

Accordingly the Athenians sailed to Samos with forty ships and set up a democracy ; took hostages from the Samians fifty boys and as many men lodged them in Lemnos and after leaving a garrison in the island returned home .

τῶν δὲ Σαμίων ἦσαν γάρ τινες οἳ οὐχ ὑπέμειναν ἀλλ᾽ ἔφυγον ἐς τὴν ἤπειρον ξυνθέμενοι τῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει τοῖς δυνατωτάτοις καὶ Πισσούθνῃ τῷ Ὑστάσπου ξυμμαχίαν ὃς εἶχε Σάρδεις τότε ἐπικούρους τε ξυλλέξαντες ἐς ἑπτακοσίους διέβησαν ὑπὸ νύκτα ἐς τὴν Σάμον καὶ πρῶτον μὲν τῷ δήμῳ ἐπανέστησαν καὶ ἐκράτησαν τῶν πλείστων ἔπειτα τοὺς ὁμήρους ἐκκλέψαντες ἐκ Λήμνου τοὺς αὑτῶν ἀπέστησαν καὶ τοὺς φρουροὺς τοὺς Ἀθηναίων καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας οἳ ἦσαν παρὰ σφίσιν ἐξέδοσαν Πισσούθνῃ ἐπί τε Μίλητον εὐθὺς παρεσκευάζοντο στρατεύειν .

But some of the Samians had not remained in the island but had fled to the continent .Making an agreement with the most powerful of those in the city and an alliance with Pissuthnes son of Hystaspes the then satrap of Sardis they got together a force of seven hundred mercenaries and under cover of night crossed over to Samos .Their first step was to rise on the commons most of whom they secured their next to steal their hostages from Lemnos ; after which they revolted gave up the Athenian garrison left with them and its commanders to Pissuthnes and instantly prepared for an expedition against Miletus .

ξυναπέστησαν δ᾽ αὐτοῖς καὶ Βυζάντιοι .

The Byzantines also revolted with them .

Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ ὡς ᾔσθοντο πλεύσαντες ναυσὶν ἑξήκοντα ἐπὶ Σάμου ταῖς μὲν ἑκκαίδεκα τῶν νεῶν οὐκ ἐχρήσαντο ἔτυχον γὰρ αἱ μὲν ἐπὶ Καρίας ἐς προσκοπὴν τῶν Φοινισσῶν νεῶν οἰχόμεναι αἱ δὲ ἐπὶ Χίου καὶ Λέσβου περιαγγέλλουσαι βοηθεῖν τεσσαράκοντα δὲ ναυσὶ καὶ τέσσαρσι Περικλέους δεκάτου αὐτοῦ στρατηγοῦντος ἐναυμάχησαν πρὸς Τραγίᾳ τῇ νήσῳ Σαμίων ναυσὶν ἑβδομήκοντα ὧν ἦσαν αἱ εἴκοσι στρατιώτιδες ἔτυχον δὲ αἱ πᾶσαι ἀπὸ Μιλήτου πλέουσαι καὶ ἐνίκων Ἀθηναῖοι .

As soon as the Athenians heard the news they sailed with sixty ships against Samos .Sixteen of these went to Caria to look out for the Phoenician fleet and to Chios and Lesbos carrying round orders for reinforcements and so never engaged ; but forty four ships under the command of Pericles with nine colleagues gave battle off the island of Tragia to seventy Samian vessels of which twenty were transports as they were sailing from Miletus .Victory remained with the Athenians .

ὕστερον δὲ αὐτοῖς ἐβοήθησαν ἐκ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν νῆες τεσσαράκοντα καὶ Χίων καὶ Λεσβίων πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι καὶ ἀποβάντες καὶ κρατοῦντες τῷ πεζῷ ἐπολιόρκουν τρισὶ τείχεσι τὴν πόλιν καὶ ἐκ θαλάσσης ἅμα .

Reinforced afterwards by forty ships from Athens and twenty five Chian and Lesbian vessels the Athenians landed and having the superiority by land invested the city with three walls ; it was also invested from the sea .

Περικλῆς δὲ λαβὼν ἑξήκοντα ναῦς ἀπὸ τῶν ἐφορμουσῶν ᾤχετο κατὰ τάχος ἐπὶ Καύνου καὶ Καρίας ἐσαγγελθέντων ὅτι Φοίνισσαι νῆες ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς πλέουσιν ·

Meanwhile Pericles took sixty ships from the blockading squadron and departed in haste for Caunus and Caria intelligence having been brought in of the approach of the Phoenician fleet to the aid of the Samians ;

ᾤχετο γὰρ καὶ ἐκ τῆς Σάμου πέντε ναυσὶ Στησαγόρας καὶ ἄλλοι ἐπὶ τὰς Φοινίσσας .

indeed Stesagoras and others had left the island with five ships to bring them .

ἐν τούτῳ δὲ οἱ Σάμιοι ἐξαπιναίως ἔκπλουν ποιησάμενοι ἀφάρκτῳ τῷ στρατοπέδῳ ἐπιπεσόντες τάς τε προφυλακίδας ναῦς διέφθειραν καὶ ναυμαχοῦντες τὰς ἀνταναγομένας ἐνίκησαν καὶ τῆς θαλάσσης τῆς καθ᾽ ἑαυτοὺς ἐκράτησαν ἡμέρας περὶ τέσσαρας καὶ δέκα καὶ ἐσεκομίσαντο καὶ ἐξεκομίσαντο ἃ ἐβούλοντο .

But in the meantime the Samians made a sudden sally and fell on the camp which they found unfortified .Destroying the look out vessels and engaging and defeating such as were being launched to meet them they remained masters of their own seas for fourteen days and carried in and carried out what they pleased .

ἐλθόντος δὲ Περικλέους πάλιν ταῖς ναυσὶ κατεκλῄσθησαν .

But on the arrival of Pericles they were once more shut up .

καὶ ἐκ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν ὕστερον προσεβοήθησαν τεσσαράκοντα μὲν αἱ μετὰ Θουκυδίδου καὶ Ἅγνωνος καὶ Φορμίωνος νῆες εἴκοσι δὲ αἱ μετὰ Τληπολέμου καὶ Ἀντικλέους ἐκ δὲ Χίου καὶ Λέσβου τριάκοντα .

Fresh reinforcements afterwards arrived forty ships from Athens with Thucydides Hagnon and Phormio ; twenty with Tlepolemus and Anticles and thirty vessels from Chios and Lesbos .

καὶ ναυμαχίαν μέν τινα βραχεῖαν ἐποιήσαντο οἱ Σάμιοι ἀδύνατοι δὲ ὄντες ἀντίσχειν ἐξεπολιορκήθησαν ἐνάτῳ μηνὶ καὶ προσεχώρησαν ὁμολογίᾳ τεῖχός τε καθελόντες καὶ ὁμήρους δόντες καὶ ναῦς παραδόντες καὶ χρήματα τὰ ἀναλωθέντα ταξάμενοι κατὰ χρόνους ἀποδοῦναι .

After a brief attempt at fighting the Samians unable to hold out were reduced after a nine months siege and surrendered on conditions ; they razed their walls gave hostages delivered up their ships and arranged to pay the expenses of the war by instalments .

ξυνέβησαν δὲ καὶ Βυζάντιοι ὥσπερ καὶ πρότερον ὑπήκοοι εἶναι .

The Byzantines also agreed to be subject as before .

ἐν δὲ τῷ αὐτῷ χειμῶνι Ἀθηναῖοι τῷ πατρίῳ νόμῳ χρώμενοι δημοσίᾳ ταφὰς ἐποιήσαντο τῶν ἐν τῷδε τῷ πολέμῳ πρώτων ἀποθανόντων τρόπῳ τοιῷδε .

In the same winter the Athenians gave a funeral at the public cost to those who had first fallen in this war .It was a custom of their ancestors and the manner of it is as follows .

τὰ μὲν ὀστᾶ προτίθενται τῶν ἀπογενομένων πρότριτα σκηνὴν ποιήσαντες καὶ ἐπιφέρει τῷ αὑτοῦ ἕκαστος ἤν τι βούληται ·

Three days before the ceremony the bones of the dead are laid out in a tent which has been erected ; and their friends bring to their relatives such offerings as they please .

ἐπειδὰν δὲ ἡ ἐκφορὰ ᾖ λάρνακας κυπαρισσίνας ἄγουσιν ἅμαξαι φυλῆς ἑκάστης μίαν ·

In the funeral procession cypress coffins are borne in cars one for each tribe ;

ἔνεστι δὲ τὰ ὀστᾶ ἧς ἕκαστος ἦν φυλῆς .

the bones of the deceased being placed in the coffin of their tribe .

μία δὲ κλίνη κενὴ φέρεται ἐστρωμένη τῶν ἀφανῶν οἳ ἂν μὴ εὑρεθῶσιν ἐς ἀναίρεσιν .

Among these is carried one empty bier decked for the missing that is for those whose bodies could not be recovered .

ξυνεκφέρει δὲ ὁ βουλόμενος καὶ ἀστῶν καὶ ξένων καὶ γυναῖκες πάρεισιν αἱ προσήκουσαι ἐπὶ τὸν τάφον ὀλοφυρόμεναι .

Any citizen or stranger who pleases joins in the procession : and the female relatives are there to wail at the burial .

τιθέασιν οὖν ἐς τὸ δημόσιον σῆμα ὅ ἐστιν ἐπὶ τοῦ καλλίστου προαστείου τῆς πόλεως καὶ αἰεὶ ἐν αὐτῷ θάπτουσι τοὺς ἐκ τῶν πολέμων πλήν γε τοὺς ἐν Μαραθῶνι ·

The dead are laid in the public sepulchre in the most beautiful suburb of the city in which those who fall in war are always buried ; with the exception of those slain at Marathon ,

ἐκείνων δὲ διαπρεπῆ τὴν ἀρετὴν κρίναντες αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸν τάφον ἐποίησαν .

who for their singular and extraordinary valor were interred on the spot where they fell .

ἐπειδὰν δὲ κρύψωσι γῇ ἀνὴρ ᾑρημένος ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως ὃς ἂν γνώμῃ τε δοκῇ μὴ ἀξύνετος εἶναι καὶ ἀξιώσει προήκῃ λέγει ἐπ᾽ αὐτοῖς ἔπαινον τὸν πρέποντα ·

After the bodies have been laid in the earth a man chosen by the state of approved wisdom and eminent reputation pronounces over them an appropriate panegyric ;

μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο ἀπέρχονται .

after which all retire .

ὧδε μὲν θάπτουσιν ·

Such is the manner of the burying ;

καὶ διὰ παντὸς τοῦ πολέμου ὁπότε ξυμβαίη αὐτοῖς ἐχρῶντο τῷ νόμῳ .

and throughout the whole of the war whenever the occasion arose the established custom was observed .

μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐσβολὴν τῶν Πελοποννησίων εὐθὺς Λέσβος πλὴν Μηθύμνης ἀπέστη ἀπ᾽ Ἀθηναίων βουληθέντες μὲν καὶ πρὸ τοῦ πολέμου ἀλλ᾽ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι οὐ προσεδέξαντο ἀναγκασθέντες δὲ καὶ ταύτην τὴν ἀπόστασιν πρότερον ἢ διενοοῦντο ποιήσασθαι .

Immediately after the invasion of the Peloponnesians all Lesbos except Methymna revolted from the Athenians .The Lesbians had wished to revolt even before the war but the Lacedaemonians would not receive them ; and yet now when they did revolt they were compelled to do so sooner than they had intended .

μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐσβολὴν τῶν Πελοποννησίων εὐθὺς Λέσβος πλὴν Μηθύμνης ἀπέστη ἀπ᾽ Ἀθηναίων βουληθέντες μὲν καὶ πρὸ τοῦ πολέμου ἀλλ᾽ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι οὐ προσεδέξαντο ἀναγκασθέντες δὲ καὶ ταύτην τὴν ἀπόστασιν πρότερον ἢ διενοοῦντο ποιήσασθαι .

And straight after the invasion of the Peloponnesians Lesbos except for Methymna revolted from Athens since they indeed wished to even before the war but the Lacedaimonians did not accept and then they were even forced to make this revolt earlier than they intended .